This article examines the origins and culture of the U.S. Border Patrol, arguing that its history and structure have fostered aggressive, militarized practices and weak accountability. These longstanding patterns of abuse are now becoming more visible as the agency’s operations expand beyond the border.
Groups like WOLA (Washington Office on Latin America) and the Southern Border Communities Coalition (SBCC) have been tracking these violent (and sometimes deadly) incidents for years. WOLA’s database identifies a whopping 455 cases of alleged abusive agent conduct just from 2020 to 2024. SBCC has tracked fatal encounters with the Border Patrol since 2010; it has found 364 lives lost. Alex Pretti is the most recent name on the list.
Thomas Mockaitis, a professor of history at DePaul University, studies violent extremism and military history across the world. He described the Border Patrol as a paramilitary force comparable to the Praetorian Guard of ancient Rome, the B Specials in Northern Ireland, or the Stasi in East Germany.